MethodologyContact usSupportLogin
The renewable fuel industry has never been a place for the faint of heart, but the current moment demands a sharper edge than ever before. Producers and feedstock processors operating in the US are expected to contend with acute feedstock scarcity for low-carbon-intensity (CI) feedstocks, alongside tightening margins, wild price swings, and a regulatory environment shifting every policy cycle.
Succeeding in this market increasingly depends not on instinct, but on strategy grounded in precise, localized data. Fastmarkets comprehensive feedstock prices include UCO (US Gulf), Bleachable Fancy Tallow (Chicago), RBD Soybean Oil, and many others used by the industry as benchmarks for contract negotiations. This localized, granular pricing is exactly what “precise, localized data” demands as viewed in the yellow grease (UCO) below.
We cover a large range of vegetable oils, grains and biofuel prices. Discover more today.
The US biofuel market in 2026 is defined as much by its pressures as its promise. Domestic production capacity has expanded, but feedstock availability struggles to keep pace. For low-CI options like DCO, used cooking oil (UCO), and animal fats, scarcity is a persistent operational reality. Feedstock prices remain hostage to policy signals, weather events, and supply chain disruptions moving markets with little to no notice.
Layered on top is a regulatory environment of genuine complexity. Producers must simultaneously track Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) volume obligations, 45Z Clean Fuel Production Credit (45Z) eligibility, state-level low-carbon fuel standard requirements, and an evolving patchwork of sustainability certification mandates.
Yet buried within this complexity lies a strategic opening. The updated 45Z and finalized RFS policies are reshaping demand signals across fuel categories and rewarding producers who treat these shifts as procurement advantages rather than compliance burdens. Producers who move decisively, grounded in granular, localized data reflecting actual availability, costs, and policy-adjusted value, will not simply survive this transition. They will own it. Fastmarkets provides the intelligence and partnerships to make this possible.
The 45Z marks a fundamental shift: instead of flat credits per gallon, producers earn based on carbon intensity (CI), thus a lower CI fuel earns more. This rewards eco-friendly considerations over volume, making feedstock selection a financial decision as much as an environmental one.
Critically, 45Z limits eligibility to North American-based feedstocks, disadvantaging imported UCO and tallow previously dominating renewable biofuels economics. Meanwhile, soybean oil (SBO) and canola oil benefit from the removal of the indirect land use change (ILUC) penalty applied under prior rules, improving their CI scores and making crop-based feedstocks, grown domestically, to receive a higher financial incentive.
The EPA’s latest RFS direction resets 2026 renewable volume obligations (RVOs) while introducing structural changes bringing as much change as the headline numbers. Four takeaways define the framework.
First, the volume curve: 2026 represents a meaningful increase from 2025 levels, while 2027 is incremental and shifts the focus from volume growth toward compliance mechanics.
Second, small refinery exemption (SRE) reallocation for 2026–2027 is designed as a corrective mechanism to restore volumes lost through exemptions from 2023-2025 compliance years, while future exemptions are stated to be built into standards prospectively beginning in 2028.
Third, renewable diesel and SAF face a headwind beginning in 2027: its RIN equivalence value drops from 1.7 to 1.5 per gallon (with a petition pathway for a 1.6 per gallon level), comparatively supporting biodiesel within the RFS scheme. This RIN math reshapes incentive signals even when 2027 RVO increases remain small.
Finally, the Import RIN Reduction (IRR) policy, while deferred from 2026–2027, is expected to be included with the 2028 RVO, targets feedstock origin, and not just where processing occurs. If implemented, it significantly influences domestic feedstock sourcing and crushing investment decisions in the medium term.
When low-CI feedstock supply is tight, procurement stops being a “find the lowest price” exercise and becomes a repetitive decision process: qualify what is available, price it consistently, and convert carbon performance into a revenue value. This allows producers to compare unlike feedstocks on a like-for-like basis. The goal is not to “win” every spot cargo, it is to secure dependable, auditable US domestic inputs at a cost and CI allowing the producer pathway to be competitive in the US market under the 45Z and the RFS.
In this case, it is important to separate supply from price risk. When possible, lock physical feedstock first and manage short-term exposure with indexed formulas and scenario analysis. For those participating in the biofuels and feedstocks markets, Fastmarkets captures pricing across the complex marketplace, including feedstock, biofuel and credits, equipping procurers with a strong position during contract negotiation.
The index-based pricing and scenario analysis components map directly to Fastmarkets’ core offering. When Fastmarkets Agriculture prices are embedded in the workflow of collectors and buyers in the UCO supply chain, daily UCO spot price assessments reflect fair market value at the most liquid point of the nearby market. These are the reference prices underpinning indexed formula contracts, which are the mechanism producers use to lock in required physical feedstock while keeping price exposure manageable. Another example is the SBO pricing where an index based on Fastmarkets daily assessments allow for a closer understanding of market shocks.
For market strategists, the problem is not “high prices” or “low prices”, it is uncertainty. In today’s US landscape, feedstock markets reprice on a headline, a rumour of guidance timing, a basis blowout from a rail disruption, or a sudden shift in blending economics. Protecting margin in this environment requires two disciplines: price discovery and scenario analysis. The above graph provides an insight into Fastmarkets independent benchmarks, providing a basis for separating the signal from the noise. In volatile markets, independent benchmarks give a neutral reference point for use across procurement, risk, and finance, especially when bilateral deals are opaque.
Biofuels producers should review a periodic “benchmark vs. realised” report to detect slippage, outliers, and counterparties consistently off market. In a shifting US policy environment, volatility is inevitable, but producers can limit feedstock cost shocks. Independent benchmarks keep the team aligned on what the market is, while scenario analysis tells the team what to do when circumstances change. Together, they turn reliable data into the ultimate shield: a repeatable process protecting margins when others react in the dark.
Domestic-focused policy signals are not just constraints, they are a roadmap for durable biofuels production growth. If incentives increasingly reward US-origin feedstocks, auditable chains of custody, and lower CI performance, then the strategic response is to build a supply system closer, cleaner, and more controllable.
Producers and processors who invest now in localized infrastructure, long-term contracting, and partnerships that deepen domestic origination will be best positioned to expand volumes while reducing exposure to administration policy changes.
The fastest way to reduce exposure to unpredictable imports is to move upstream and sideways closer to where domestic feedstocks are produced, processed, and moved. Partnerships can secure priority access, improve consistency, and create shared incentives around documentation and CI performance. Fastmarkets has the consulting knowledge to strengthen your partnerships with domestic crushers and refiners to pursue strategic supply agreements aligning demand with domestic feedstock needs.
The decision to pursue a strategic supply agreement with a domestic crusher is fundamentally a margin and economics question. Is domestic SBO competitive enough under current and forward 45Z and RFS conditions to justify a long-term commitment? This question cannot be answered without price data across the full stack: feedstock cost, RIN value, LCFS credit value, and CI-adjusted 45Z credit value. Fastmarkets provides all the pricing data and analysis giving a producer the inputs to build a credible margin model for a domestic crusher partnership before committing to a term agreement.
Fastmarkets provides the price and policy intelligence clarifying the economics of renewable fuel partnerships and infrastructure investments, giving decision-makers the market knowledge to evaluate opportunities with confidence.
A useful framework for determining whether any given infrastructure project or partnership is worth pursuing is a simple fragility filter built around three core questions. First, on availability, decision-makers should ask whether the investment increases the amount of domestic feedstock that can be reliably sourced and whether it improves the speed of delivery during supply disruptions. Second, on economics, the question is whether the project reduces basis volatility, improves yields, or protects margin through better quality control.
Third, on compliance and CI value, the evaluation should consider whether the investment strengthens documentation, traceability, and measurable outcomes in ways that allow the organization to consistently capture premium value in the market. Fastmarkets’ price signals and policy context allow these three questions to be answered with confidence, ensuring that when leadership commits to a partnership or capital deployment, the fundamental market economics supporting that decision are grounded in current, reliable intelligence rather than assumption.
In today’s US biofuel market, the quality of your decisions is only as good as the quality of your intelligence. Policy shifts, feedstock volatility, CI requirements, and evolving trade dynamics are reshaping the economics of every decision. But complexity is only a disadvantage when navigating it without the right intelligence.
With deep price reporting, real-time market data, and policy analysis built specifically for biomass-based diesel and feedstocks, Fastmarkets provides the clarity to move decisively when others hesitate. The companies positioned to win in this market are those acting on timely information. Partner with Fastmarkets today and put the data and insights you need to compete, comply, and grow firmly in your corner.