Six things we have learnt in Prague: IFA 2023

Fastmarkets rounds up the key points learnt so far at the 39th International Ferro-alloys Conference in Prague, running November 19-21

The gloomy economic tone at the conference was compensated by the large numbers of delegates in attendance and cheerful networking.

1. Slow growth in China

Slow growth in China continued to spook market participants. Those who have recently returned from trips there shared anecdotes and photographs on social media of blue skies and a lack of cranes and active construction sites, while remaining acutely aware of the importance of the world’s second-largest economy. Find out more about this evolving market at Fastmarkets Ferroalloys Asian Conference 2024. Learn more.

“China gives the direction; it’s the captain,” one ferro-chrome market participant told Fastmarkets on the sidelines of the conference.

2. High electricity prices

Even though electricity prices have come down, they were still extremely high historically and at the forefront of people’s minds, making up a huge portion of input costs. This made sellers reluctant to reduce prices despite subdued demand, leading to suggestions of production cuts in various markets.

3. Potential growth in India

There was a lot of potential for growth in India’s domestic market, but we should not expect it to be the ‘next China.’

“[The economy of] India needs to grow by 10% to offset China dropping by 1%, to keep global steel production stable,” Kevin Fowkes, research director at global consultant Wood MacKenzie, told delegates while speaking on the manganese ore and alloy panel on Monday afternoon.

4. Global uncertainty

Delegates were still wading through exceptionally high levels of uncertainty in geopolitics and macro-economics, with high interest rates and inflation forcing them to rethink trading strategies.

Legislative changes in Europe, in the form of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), added another layer of complexity, with few people understanding what it meant for them, and how and even whether it will work.

“The reporting periods are coming soon, and the [levels of reported emissions] are going to be horrendous,” one financial source told Fastmarkets on the sidelines.

5. Mine depletion

Mine depletion remained a long-term concern, with the manganese content of ore from various origins expected to reduce over the next few years.

Fastmarkets heard that these declining grades could mean “higher costs and a greater environmental burden,” Jack Bedder, founder of data provider Project Blue, told delegates from the manganese panel. But, if it were economical, the sintering of fines could be an alternative method to upgrade lower-content ores, industry sources said.

6. Decarbonization

Decarbonization by 2050 would not be achieved without offsets and there were significant trade-offs, such as balancing the need for greener reductants against wider environmental degradation.

One example of this would be making sure that the replacement of coke with green alternatives, such as acacia and bamboo chips, did not lead to deforestation.

What to read next
The suspension of South32’s manganese ore operations at Groote Eylandt Mining Co (GEMCO) in Australia has been changing demand patterns among manganese ore buyers in Asia and this will benefit other manganese ore miners, market participants said on Wednesday April 24
Singapore-based lithium-ion battery recycling company Green Li-ion has launched its first commercial-scale installation to produce battery-grade cathode and anode materials from black mass and cathode powder – the first of its kind in North America
The battery recycling market is witnessing a dynamic evolution, marked by eight key trends shaping the industry's landscape
The global decarbonization drive is turning electrical steel into one of China's key ferrous products, with electrical steel exports surging in recent years, sources told Fastmarkets
Insufficient investment in anode supply chains in the West has become one of the key challenges to the implementation of US localization policies for electric vehicle (EV) and battery ecosystems
China’s National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) will work with relevant parties to regulate crude steel production, with a focus on energy saving and reducing carbon emissions. It will also release guidance on crude steel output for different steel mills later this year after a national investigation on steel capacity